Quick answer
Praise is something that arrives, not something you issue. The verse does not forbid being praised; it forbids being the source.
Read both lines
The structure is a double contrast and the second half escalates in a way that is easy to miss. First another man, then a stranger, someone with no obligation to you, no stake in your standing and nothing to gain by saying it. That is the praise the verse treats as worth having, precisely because it could not have been arranged.
Nothing here recommends false modesty or refusing a compliment. What it rules out is the self-report, and the reason is embedded in the arithmetic: praise from your own mouth carries exactly as much information as the fact that you wanted to say it. The chapter picks the theme up again at verse 21, where a man is weighed by his praise.
Related: Proverbs 27:21 · Proverbs 25:6–7 · Proverbs 25:27 · Proverbs 20:6
New King James Version®, Copyright © 1982, Thomas Nelson. All rights reserved. Full copyright information. Scripture provided by API.Bible.
Go Deeper
If this verse has been used to put weight on you that it was never carrying, ask about it directly.