Quick answer
Two predators, one victim, and the victim is named: poor people. The verse is about power aimed downward at those least able to move.
Read both lines
The animals are chosen for different threats. A roaring lion announces itself and is inescapable by speed; a charging bear is unpredictable and closes distance faster than expected. Together they cover both ways a ruler is dangerous, the fear that hangs over everything and the sudden strike.
The second line's detail is the one that matters and it is easy to skim: עַל עַם־דָּל, over a poor people. The verse is not making a general observation about tyranny. It is naming the population that cannot relocate, cannot buy protection, and has no recourse, and it puts predators over exactly them. This belongs with 13:23 and 28:3 in the book's thread about who absorbs the cost when power goes wrong.
Related: Proverbs 28:3 · Proverbs 13:23 · Proverbs 29:2 · Proverbs 19:12
New King James Version®, Copyright © 1982, Thomas Nelson. All rights reserved. Full copyright information. Scripture provided by API.Bible.
Go Deeper
If this verse has been used to put weight on you that it was never carrying, ask about it directly.