Quick answer
Correction that lands well is jewelry, not injury. The verse needs both halves to work: a wise corrector and an ear willing to hear.
Read both lines
The image continues the previous verse's gold and moves it onto a person. An earring is worn, visible, and chosen, which is a strange thing to say about being told you were wrong, and the strangeness is the argument: a rebuke received well ends up adorning the person who received it.
What keeps the verse honest is that it names two parties and requires both. A wise rebuker, so the correction is competent and not merely blunt, and a hearing ear, so the reception is real. Neither alone produces the ornament. The book will put it the other way round at 27:6, where the wounds of a friend are called faithful, and both sayings assume a relationship in which the correction is safe to give.
Related: Proverbs 27:6 · Proverbs 15:31 · Proverbs 9:8 · Proverbs 28:23
New King James Version®, Copyright © 1982, Thomas Nelson. All rights reserved. Full copyright information. Scripture provided by API.Bible.
Go Deeper
If this verse has been used to put weight on you that it was never carrying, ask about it directly.